Ford GP Army Jeep

The Ford GP Army jeep originated many of the design features that became part of the standard World War II Army jeep. As one of the largest manufacturers of motor vehicles in the U.S., Ford was eager to play a major role in production of the Army's new jeep vehicle. The full story of the development of the original Army Jeep of World War II is on the linked page. Additional photos are found in the Military Jeeps section of the Military Vehicle Charts.

Ford GP in the infrared paint booth after assembly, Ford River Rouge plant, May 1941.

Today in WW II: 8 Feb 1940 Germans establish the first large Jewish ghetto in Poland in the city of Lodz. More ↓

8 Feb 1941 US House of Representatives passes the Lend-Lease Act [265 to 165].
8 Feb 1942 Battle of Sarimbun Beach begins, the first stage of the Japanese assault on Singapore.
8 Feb 1942 Japanese Offensive in Burma begins [8 Feb-2 May].
8 Feb 1945 Battle of the Reichswald: British and Canadian forces under Field Marshal Bernard Montgomery begin Operation Veritable [8 Feb-11 Mar].
Visit the Olive-Drab.com World War II Timeline for day-by-day events 1939-1945! See also WW2 Books.

Ford GP Prototype Jeep

Ford GP production at the Ford River Rouge plant, May 1941. After the motor has been placed in the chassis and its connections made, the body is lowered into plane.

Ford's pilot jeep, the Ford Pygmy, was overweight, underpowered and had other deficiencies compared to the Bantam and Willys Quad competitors. After Army testing, Ford was approved for a 1,500 unit contract, subject to changes and improvements. Ford's redesign of the Pygmy created the Ford GP.

The Ford Model number was "GP" reflecting established Ford production coding: G for government, and P for the 80-inch-wheelbase of the vehicle. GP did not mean "General Purpose" as is sometimes claimed.

The Ford GP retained the desirable features of the Ford Pygmy pilot model, with further improvements based on Army testing and what was learned from the Willys and Bantam pilots. Ford went into production for the GP in February 1941 and, after contract extensions, completed most deliveries of about 4,500 Ford GPs by November 1941. Fifty Ford GPs were ordered with four wheel steering, an experiment that was cancelled by the Army. Most of the Ford GPs were eventually sent to England, Russia and other Allies under Lend-Lease.

The Ford GP remained underpowered and its gearbox was not optimum for the required performance. The Willys MA was eventually chosen as the basis for the mass production World War II jeep, but many features of the Ford GP found their way into the final design of the Willys MB.

Ford GP Specifications

Engine	119.5 CID, 4 cal, side valve 46 bhp @ 3,600rpm (Fordson Model N tractor engine)
Torque	84 lbs-ft @ 1,500 rpm
Transmission	3 speed Model A
Transfer case	Spicer 2 speed (same as Bantam)
Gear Shift	Floor mounted
Axles	Spicer Dana 4.88:1 23-2 rear, Dana 25 front (same as Bantam)
Wheelbase	80 inches
Weight	2,160 lbs.

Recommended Books With More About the Ford GP

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